Autor: BriannaWoo
CEO Recruitment
190 universities just launched 600 free online courses. Here’s the full list.
190 universities just launched 600 free online courses. Here’s the full list.
Dhawal Shah, Founder of Class Central
If you haven’t heard, universities around the world are offering their courses online for free (or at least partially free). These courses are collectively called MOOCs or Massive Open Online Courses.
In the past six years or so, over 800 universities have created more than 10,000 of these MOOCs. And I’ve been keeping track of these MOOCs the entire time over at Class Central, ever since they rose to prominence.
In the past four months alone, 190 universities have announced 600 such free online courses. I’ve compiled a list of them and categorized them according to the following subjects: Computer Science, Mathematics, Programming, Data Science, Humanities, Social Sciences, Education & Teaching, Health & Medicine, Business, Personal Development, Engineering, Art & Design, and finally Science.
If you have trouble figuring out how to signup for Coursera courses for free, don’t worry — here’s an article on how to do that, too.
Many of these are completely self-paced, so you can start taking them at your convenience.
Programming
CS50’s Introduction to Game Development from Harvard University
CS50’s Mobile App Development with React Native from Harvard University
CS50’s Web Programming with Python and JavaScript from Harvard University
Functions, Methods, and Interfaces in Go from University of California, Irvine
Concurrency in Go from University of California, Irvine
Getting Started with Go from University of California, Irvine
Computing in Python I: Fundamentals and Procedural Programmingfrom Georgia Institute of Technology
Computing in Python IV: Objects & Algorithms from Georgia Institute of Technology
Computing in Python III: Data Structures from Georgia Institute of Technology
Computing in Python II: Control Structures from Georgia Institute of Technology
Projet de programmation (en Java) from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Pixel Art for Video Games from Michigan State University
Web Design: Strategy and Information Architecture from California Institute of the Arts
Front-End Web Development with React from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Multiplatform Mobile App Development with React Native from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Automated Software Testing: Practical Skills for Java Developers from Delft University of Technology
Automated Software Testing: Advanced Skills for Java Developersfrom Delft University of Technology
Погружение в Python from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Основы разработки на C++: красный пояс from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
AR (Augmented Reality) & Video Streaming Services Emerging Technologies from Yonsei University
Smart Device & Mobile Emerging Technologies from Yonsei University
Problem Solving, Programming, and Video Games from University of Alberta
Introduction to Augmented Reality and ARCore from Google Daydream Impact
Fundamentals of NetLogo from Santa Fe Institute
Competitive Programmer’s Core Skills from Saint Petersburg State University
Business Problems and Software Solutions from Deakin University
Введение в язык Котлин from St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University
Web Accessibility for Developers from Ryerson University
Handheld AR App Development with Unity from Unity
Diseño de Sistemas de información gerencial para Internet con MySQL / PHP y Joomla from Universidad del Rosario
Kotlin for Java Developers from JetBrains
Introduction to XR: VR, AR, and MR Foundations from Unity
3D Art and Audio Pipeline from Unity
Application Systems Programming from Unity
3D Interactions and Navigation from Unity
Core Interaction Programming from Unity
Engineering
Analysis of Transport Phenomena I: Mathematical Methods from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Engineering the Space Shuttle from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Art of Structural Engineering: Vaults from Princeton University
Collaborative Robot Safety: Design & Deployment from University at Buffalo
Electric Power Systems from University at Buffalo
Modern Robotics, Course 5: Robot Manipulation and Wheeled Mobile Robots from Northwestern University
Le robot Thymio comme outil de découverte des sciences du numérique from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Principle of Semiconductor Devices Part I: Semiconductors, PN Junctions and Bipolar Junction Transistors from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Hello (Real) World with ROS – Robot Operating System from Delft University of Technology
Mind of the Universe – Robots in Society: Blessing or Curse? from Delft University of Technology
Hyperloop: Changing the Future of Transportation from Delft University of Technology
Electric Cars: Technology from Delft University of Technology
Electric Cars: Policy from Delft University of Technology
Through Engineers’ Eyes – Expanding the Vision: Engineering Mechanics by Experiment, Analysis and Design from University of New South Wales
Through Engineers’ Eyes – Introducing the Vision: Engineering Mechanics by Experiment, Analysis and Design from University of New South Wales
First Order Optical System Design from University of Colorado Boulder
Design of High-Performance Optical Systems from University of Colorado Boulder
Optical Efficiency and Resolution from University of Colorado Boulder
Motors and Motor Control Circuits from University of Colorado Boulder
Semiconductor Physics from University of Colorado Boulder
Sensors and Sensor Circuit Design from University of Colorado Boulder
Transistor – Field Effect Transistor and Bipolar Junction Transistorfrom University of Colorado Boulder
Diode – pn Junction and Metal Semiconductor Contact from University of Colorado Boulder
Diseño de diques rompeolas con cubípodos from Universitat Politècnica de València
Introducción a la energía solar fotovoltaica: El módulo fotovoltaicofrom Universitat Politècnica de València
Introducción a los encofrados y las cimbras en obra civil y edificaciónfrom Universitat Politècnica de València
BIM Fundamentals for Engineers from National Taiwan University
BIM Application for Engineers from National Taiwan University
Distribución de la energía eléctrica from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Smart grid: fundamentos técnicos from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Transmisión de energía eléctrica from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Energía eléctrica: conceptos y principios básicos from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Smart grid: las redes eléctricas del futuro from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Essentials of MOSFETs from Purdue University
Fundamentals of Current Flow from Purdue University
Primer on Semiconductor Fundamentals from Purdue University
Introduzione ai circuiti elettrici from University of Naples Federico II
Standardisation from EIT Digital
Introduction to battery-management systems from University of Colorado System
Equivalent Circuit Cell Model Simulation from University of Colorado System
Battery State-of-Charge (SOC) Estimation from University of Colorado System
Introduction to Web Cartography: Part 2 from ETH Zurich
High Performance Finite Element Modeling – Part 2 from KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Energy Systems Integration: A Trend or a Revolution? from KU Leuven University
Propagation radio from Institut Mines-Télécom
“Monotsukuri” Making Things in Japan: Mechanical Engineeringfrom Tokyo Institute of Technology
Ingeniería de Tráfico from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Introducción al Control Numérico por Computadora from TenarisUniversity
Agile for Project Control from University System of Maryland
Computer Science
Machine Learning with Python: from Linear Models to Deep Learningfrom Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Blockchain Technology from University of California, Berkeley
Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies from University of California, Berkeley
Introduction to Machine Learning from Duke University
Introduction to Computer Programming from University of London International Programmes
How Computers Work from University of London International Programmes
IT Infrastructure and Emerging Trends from University of Minnesota
Enterprise Systems from University of Minnesota
IS/IT Governance from University of Minnesota
Embedded Software and Hardware Architecture from University of Colorado Boulder
Industrial IoT Markets and Security from University of Colorado Boulder
Введение в технологию блокчейн from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
人工智慧:機器學習與理論基礎 (Artificial Intelligence – Learning & Theory) from National Taiwan University
Introducción al diseño de hardware con Verilog from Galileo University
IoT (Internet of Things) Wireless & Cloud Computing Emerging Technologies from Yonsei University
Introduzione all’informatica from University of Naples Federico II
Il linguaggio naturale, dall’uomo alla macchina from University of Naples Federico II
Nuove tecnologie digitali from University of Naples Federico II
C Programming: Language Foundations from Institut Mines-Télécom
C Programming: Modular Programming and Memory Managementfrom Dartmouth
C Programming: Advanced Data Types from Dartmouth
Linux Basics: The Command Line Interface from Dartmouth
C Programming: Using Linux Tools and Libraries from Dartmouth
C Programming: Getting Started from Dartmouth
C Programming: Pointers and Memory Management from Dartmouth
Introduction to Computation Theory from Santa Fe Institute
Fundamentals of Machine Learning from Santa Fe Institute
Introduction to FinTech from The University of Hong Kong
FinTech Ethics and Risks from The University of Hong Kong
Blockchain and FinTech: Basics, Applications, and Limitations from The University of Hong Kong
DDoS Attacks and Defenses from University of Colorado System
Cloud Computing Security from University of Colorado System
Introducción a la programación en C: Instrucciones de control y ficheros de texto from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Introducción a la programación en C: Tipos de datos y estructurasfrom Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Introducción a la programación en C: Funciones y punteros from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Cyber-Physical Networks from KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Comprendre le coeur d’internet : les réseaux d’opérateurs from Institut Mines-Télécom
Advanced Algorithmics and Graph Theory with Python from Institut Mines-Télécom
Arduino Programming, from novice to ninja from Institut Mines-Télécom
Ciberseguridad: ataques y contramedidas from Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Digital Transformation and the IT Team from University of the Witwatersrand
Strategic and Transformational IT from University System of Maryland
Basics of Network Security from Coventry University
An Introduction to Cryptography from Coventry University
Diseño de sistemas de información gerencial para intranet con Microsoft Access from Universidad del Rosario
Palo Alto Networks Cybersecurity Essentials I from Palo Alto Networks
Palo Alto Networks Academy Cybersecurity Foundation from Palo Alto Networks
Palo Alto Networks Cybersecurity Gateway I from Palo Alto Networks
Palo Alto Networks Cybersecurity Gateway II from Palo Alto Networks
Palo Alto Networks Cybersecurity Essentials II from Palo Alto Networks
Blockchain: Foundations and Use Cases from ConsenSys Academy
Networking and Security Architecture with VMware NSX from VMware
Social Sciences
Citizen Politics in America: Public Opinion, Elections, Interest Groups, and the Media from Harvard University
U.S. Public Policy: Social, Economic, and Foreign Policies from Harvard University
American Government: Constitutional Foundations from Harvard University
U.S. Political Institutions: Congress, Presidency, Courts, and Bureaucracy from Harvard University
Lean Research Skills for Conducting Interviews from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Creating an Effective Child Welfare System from University of Pennsylvania
Listening to Puerto Rico Teach-Out from University of Michigan
Crisis at the Border Teach-Out from University of Michigan
Exploring Basic Income in a Changing Economy Teach-Out from University of Michigan
Community Engagement: Collaborating for Change from University of Michigan
Civil Liberties from Princeton University
Corporate & Commercial Law II: Business Forms, Financing & Governmental Regulation from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Understanding Gender Identity: Trans People in the Workplace from The Open University
Make Change Happen from The Open University
Introduction to English Common Law from University of London International Programmes
African cities : An Introduction to Urban Planning from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Groundscape Architecture Design Lab, re-thinking cities underground from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Logic for Economists from University of Amsterdam
Mathematics for economists from Higher School of Economics
Возможно ли воспитать детей «правильно»? from Higher School of Economics
Monetary Policy in the Asia Pacific from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Copyright Law in the Music Business from Berklee College of Music
Business Opportunities and Risks in a Globalized Economy from IE Business School
Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New era|习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想 from Tsinghua University
Exploring Psychology’s Core Concepts|走进心理学 from Tsinghua University
Accessibility to the Scenic Arts from Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Autonomous University of Barcelona)
Originalité et modernité du mutualisme from ESSEC Business School
Belong / Appartenir: Community, Race, and Space in the U.S. and France from Davidson College
Survey Research Methodology from Politecnico di Milano
Action Learning for Inclusion from Politecnico di Milano
Regards croisés sur les migrations from Université catholique de Louvain
SDG: Moving Towards Sustainable Work from Universidad Carlos iii de Madrid
Conversazioni di diritto amministrativo from University of Naples Federico II
Introducción a la teoría política: conceptos y grandes pensadoresfrom University of Naples Federico II
Comparative Political Systems from University of Naples Federico II
Contemporary Issues in World Politics from University of Naples Federico II
Global Politics from University of Naples Federico II
La riforma del lavoro in Italia from University of Naples Federico II
Le politiche pubbliche come strategia di governo from University of Naples Federico II
Le forme di governo nel mondo from University of Naples Federico II
Comparative Research Designs and Methods from University of Naples Federico II
Psicologia della personalità: un’introduzione from University of Naples Federico II
Come fare ricerca nelle scienze sociali from University of Naples Federico II
Landscape Finance: Investing in Innovation for Sustainable Landscapes from Wageningen University
Landscape Governance: Collaborating Across Sectors and Scales from Wageningen University
Landscape Leadership: Catalyse Sustainable Development in Landscapes from Wageningen University
Development and Planning in African Cities: Exploring theories, policies and practices from Sierra Leone from University College London
Vote For Ethics: A How-to Guide for Voters (Alumni Students) from Santa Clara University
Vote For Ethics: A How-to Guide for Voters from Santa Clara University
The Presidency and the Shape of the Supreme Court from Trinity College
Sustainable Construction and Development from London South Bank University
Globalisation and Sustainable Development from Curtin University
Circular Economy – Sustainable Materials Management from Ghent University
Social Change: How Can Marketing Help? from Griffith University
Supporting Adolescent Learners: Social and Emotional Wellbeingfrom Griffith University
Правовое обеспечение бизнеса в России from Saint Petersburg State University
Neurociencia empresarial: siete claves para la PYME from Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Des réseaux pour comprendre le monde from Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Sustainable Development: The Water-Energy-Food Nexus from RWTH Aachen University
Osez le numérique dans l’Economie Sociale, l’Habitat Social et la Protection Sociale ! from Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3
The Supreme Court & American Politics from University System of Maryland
Security, Terrorism and Counterterrorism from Murdoch University
Микроэкономика (вводный курс) from Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO)
Le consommateur connecté & ses données personnelles from Institut national de la consommation
Communicating Effectively with Vulnerable Children and Young People from University of Kent
Science
The Health Effects of Climate Change from Harvard University
Backyard Meteorology: The Science of Weather from Harvard University
Quantum Information Science II: Efficient Quantum Computing – fault tolerance and complexity from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Quantum Information Science II: Quantum states, noise and error correction from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Quantum Information Science II: Advanced quantum algorithms and information theory from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Nuclear Energy: Science, Systems and Society from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Nitrogen: A Global Challenge (Hungarian) from University of Edinburgh
Nitrogen: A Global Challenge from University of Edinburgh
Global Arctic from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
The Multi-scale brain from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Conservation & Protected Areas Management in Africa from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Gestion des aires protégées en Afrique from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Equine Welfare and Management from University of California, Davis
Open Science: Sharing Your Research with the World from Delft University of Technology
The Building Blocks of a Quantum Computer: Part 1 from Delft University of Technology
The Building Blocks of a Quantum Computer: Part 2 from Delft University of Technology
Ácidos y bases: reacciones químicas y aplicaciones from Universitat Politècnica de València
Sales: reacciones químicas y aplicaciones from Universitat Politècnica de València
Small and Mighty: Introduction to Microbiology from University of Reading
Mercados de carbono: una forma de mitigar el cambio climático from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Ahorro de energía from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Huella Hídrica: una mirada integral al uso del agua from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Física: Vectores, Trabajo y Energía from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Física: Dimensión y Movimiento from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Introduction to the Schrödinger Equation and Quantum Transportfrom Purdue University
D’un infini à l’autre – Voyages de l’infiniment grand à l’infiniment petit from École Polytechnique
Case Study Methodology from Politecnico di Milano
Nuclear Reactor Physics Basics from National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
Methods of Surface Analysis from National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
La fisica: dall’elettromagnetismo all’ottica from University of Naples Federico II
La genetica tra scienza, storia e società from University of Naples Federico II
Zoologia from University of Naples Federico II
Astro 101: Black Holes from University of Alberta
Catalytic Conversions for Biobased Chemicals and Products from Wageningen University
Biorefinery: From Biomass to Building Blocks of Biobased Productsfrom Wageningen University
From Fossil Resources to Biomass: A Business and Economics Perspective from Wageningen University
Climate Adaptation in Africa from University of Cape Town
The Science Behind Forensic Science from King’s College London
Sex and Human Reproduction from University of Adelaide
Research Impact: Making a Difference from University of Glasgow
Metagenomics applied to surveillance of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance from Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
走进天文学 from Nanjing University
Our Place in the Universe from The University of Hong Kong
Landscape Ecology from ETH Zurich
Systematic Innovation for Life Science from Karolinska Institutet
Why Planning Your Research Matters from Deakin University
Protists: Evolution and Ecology of Microbial Eukaryotes from Saint Petersburg State University
Air pollution: causes and impacts from Institut Mines-Télécom
Metal and Metalloids of the Main Groups: Basis and Their Role in the Daily Life from Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Gulf Stories 2 from University of West Florida
Citizen Research: From Data to Action from University of Dundee
Research integrity in scientific professions from Université de Bordeaux
Intégrité scientifique dans les métiers de la recherche from Université de Bordeaux
Conceptos base para el estudio del medio ambiente from Universidad Austral
Introducción a la gravedad cuántica de lazos from Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
Introducción a los ritmos y relojes biológicos from Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
Chimie : ouvrez les portes de l’enseignement supérieur ! from University of Liège
Global Biosecurity for One Health from Murdoch University
Art & Design
18th-Century Opera: Handel & Mozart from Harvard University
Avatar Psychology for Designers from Michigan State University
Web Design: Wireframes to Prototypes from California Institute of the Arts
UX Design Fundamentals from California Institute of the Arts
Visual Elements of User Interface Design from California Institute of the Arts
Percepção Musical from Berklee College of Music
Guitar Scales and Chord Progressions from Berklee College of Music
Fundamentos de la guitarra eléctrica y acústica from Berklee College of Music
Разработка инновационного продукта from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Radio para internet con Podcast: creación y conceptos básicos from Universitat Politècnica de València
Sustainability in Architecture: An Interdisciplinary Introduction from Universitat Politècnica de València
Realistic Architectural 3D Modeling from Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
3D Modeling from Architectural Drawings from Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Flower Arrangements in China and Japan | 现代生活美学:花之道from Tsinghua University
L’écoute en jeu(x) : une introduction à la musicologie from Université Paris-Saclay
Introducing Metadesign from Politecnico di Milano
Caligrafía y paleografía: espacios históricos para su estudio y prácticafrom Universidad Carlos iii de Madrid
Adobe Illustrator: aprende a crear presentaciones de impacto from The Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Innovation Through Design: Think, Make, Break, Repeat from The University of Sydney
Interpreting Vernacular Architecture in Asia from The University of Hong Kong
Creative Thinking: Techniques and Tools for Success from Imperial College London
Music Psychology: Why Does “Bohemian Rhapsody” Feel so Good?from Griffith University
Exploring Japanese Avant-garde Art Through Butoh Dance from Keio University
The Power of Podcasting for Storytelling from University of Wollongong
Learn Jazz Piano: III. Solo Piano and Advanced Topics from Goldsmiths University of London
Основы фотографии from Novosibirsk State University
Растровая графика. Adobe Photoshop CC from St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University
The Dream of Streaming: Rethinking the Role of On-Demand Entertainment from Coventry University
Mathematics
Introduction to Probability from Harvard University
Differential Equations: Fourier Series and Partial Differential Equations from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Probability – The Science of Uncertainty and Data from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Fundamentals of Statistics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Causal Inference from Columbia University
Probability and Statistics: To p or not to p? from University of London International Programmes
Introduction au raisonnement mathématique : préparation à l’entrée dans l’enseignement supérieur from École Polytechnique
Matrix Algebra for Engineers from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Introducción a las ecuaciones diferenciales from Galileo University
Laboratorio di Matematica per Architettura from Politecnico di Milano
Automated Reasoning: satisfiability from EIT Digital
Random Walks from Santa Fe Institute
Game Theory II- Dynamic Games from Santa Fe Institute
Introduction to Information Theory from Santa Fe Institute
Functions and Iterations from Santa Fe Institute
Introduction to Renormalization from Santa Fe Institute
Introduction to Differential Equations from Santa Fe Institute
Ordinary Differential Equations from Santa Fe Institute
Game Theory I – Static Games from Santa Fe Institute
Maximum Entropy Methods from Santa Fe Institute
Vector and Matrix Algebra from Santa Fe Institute
Sta(r)tistics: Statistics for everyone – Applied statistics for new science students from University of Sunderland
Humanities
Othello’s Story from Harvard University
PredictionX: Lost Without Longitude from Harvard University
Sikhism Through Its Scriptures from Harvard University
The Tabernacle in Word & Image: An Italian Jewish Manuscript Revealed from University of Pennsylvania
HOPE: Human Odyssey to Political Existentialism from Princeton University
Sports Marketing from Northwestern University
Introduction to Research Ethics: Working with People from University of Leeds
Introduction to Linguistics from University of Birmingham
Violences et religions from University of Geneva
Upper-Intermediate English: Technology Today from Universitat Politècnica de València
Upper-Intermediate English: Globalization from Universitat Politècnica de València
Upper-Intermediate English: Modern Life from Universitat Politècnica de València
Upper-Intermediate English: Business from Universitat Politècnica de València
莊子─人情 (Zhuangzi─Between People) from National Taiwan University
Learning Chinese : Start From Scratch (零到一學中文) from National Taiwan University
Ideological & Moral Cultivation and Fundamentals of Law|思想道德修养与法律基础 from Tsinghua University
Develop Your Cultural Intelligence from Purdue University
Mandarin Chinese for Intermediate Learners: Part 1 from Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Imparare il latino attraverso lo studio dei papiri from University of Naples Federico II
Dialetti in Italia from University of Naples Federico II
Letteratura latina, dalle origini all’età augustea from University of Naples Federico II
Perdón y reconciliación: cómo sanar heridas from The Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Learning Spanish in Paradise from The Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Sports Coaching: How effective are you? from IOC Athlete MOOC
John Milton: Paradise Lost from Dartmouth
Religious Transformation in Early China: the Period of Division from The Chinese University of Hong Kong
The Book of Kells: Exploring an Irish Medieval Masterpiece from Trinity College Dublin
Toledo: Deciphering Secrets of Medieval Spain from University of Colorado System
Lancaster Castle and Northern English History: The View from the Stronghold from Lancaster University
Learning from the Past: A Guide for the Curious Researcher from The University of Nottingham
How We Remember War and Violence: Theory and Practice from University of Bath
Introducción al griego clásico from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Noongar Language and Culture from Curtin University
A Question of Time: How We Date Human Evolution from Griffith University
Взаимодействие языков и культур: сохраняем и расширяем свою идентичность (на примере изучения татарского языка как родного и иностранного) from Tomsk State University
Русский язык как иностранный B2-2 from Saint Petersburg State University
Histoire des représentations et du traitement de la folie from Paris Diderot University
School of Salamanca from Universidad Francisco Marroquín
New Zealand Landscape as Culture: Maunga (Mountains) from Victoria University of Wellington
Coaching the Mental Game from Deakin University
Civil Society and African Media Policy in the Digital Age from University of the Witwatersrand
Verdun d’hier à aujourd’hui from Université de Lorraine
Activism and Citizen Journalism through Media from University of the Witwatersrand
Media Literacy and Representation from University of Newcastle
Digital Wellbeing from University of York
Renforcer ses compétences orthographiques from Université de Caen Normandie
Éthique de la recherche from Université de Lyon
Irish 104: An Introduction to Irish Language and Culture from Dublin City University
Norwegian for Beginners 1 from Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Mindfulness: What It Is, Where It Comes From, and How to Practice Itfrom Naropa University
Irish 106: An Introduction to Irish Language and Culture from Dublin City University
La Gestothèque from Sorbonne Paris Cité University
Le bien-être des animaux d’élevage from VetAgro Sup
Pratiques de l’enseignement de la prononciation en FLE from Université fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Cours de stratégie de l’École de Guerre (Partie I) from École Pratique des Hautes Études
Irish 105: An Introduction to Irish Language and Culture from Dublin City University
ga094: 東日本大震災の教訓を活かした実践的防災学へのアプローチfrom Tohoku University
Business
Improving Your Business Through a Culture of Health from Harvard University
Introduction to Systematic Reviews from Stanford Medicine
The Role of Impact Assessments in Real Estate Development from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Creating Shared Benefits in Real Estate Development from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
FinTech Law and Policy from Duke University
Auditing I: Conceptual Foundations of Auditing from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Auditing II: The Practice of Auditing from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Managing My Money for Young Adults from The Open University
Using Email for Networking in English from University of Washington
Natural Gas from University at Buffalo
Safety in the Utility Industry from University at Buffalo
Energy Industry: The Enterprise from University at Buffalo
Agile Meets Design Thinking from University of Virginia
Customer Segmentation and Prospecting from Northwestern University
Building a Toolkit for Your Sales Process from Northwestern University
Sales Pitch and Closing from Northwestern University
Connecting with Sales Prospects from Northwestern University
Юридическое оформление инвестиционных идей from Higher School of Economics
FinTech Security and Regulation (RegTech) from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
FinTech Risk Management from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Market Segmentation Analysis from University of Queensland
Influencing Stakeholders: Dealing with Power and Dynamics in Teams and Networks from Delft University of Technology
Waste Management and Critical Raw Materials from Delft University of Technology
Sustainable Packaging in a Circular Economy from Delft University of Technology
Effective Decision Making: Dealing with Business Complexity from Delft University of Technology
Electric Cars: Business from Delft University of Technology
Measure and Improve Innovation at the Workplace from Universitat Politècnica de València
Branding: ¿cómo convertirte en una gran marca? from Universitat Politècnica de València
Foreign Exchange Markets: Concepts, Instruments, Risks and Derivatives from Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
Special Topics in Risk Management of Banking and Financial Marketsfrom Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
Banking & Financial Intermediation: Concepts, Risks, Capital & Regulation from Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
Risk Management in Banking and Financial Markets Professional Certificate Exam from Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
Money & Debt Markets: Concepts, Instruments, Risks and Derivativesfrom Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
Equity Stock Markets: Concepts, Instruments, Risks and Derivativesfrom Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
服務模式的體驗、設計與創新:從痛點到賣點 from National Taiwan University
Mercados de energía: oportunidades de negocio from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Liderazgo en la empresa familiar from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Fundamentos del emprendimiento en la empresa familiar from Tecnológico de Monterrey
Intelligence Tools for the Digital Age from IE Business School
Social and Digital Media Analytics from Purdue University
Introduction to Strategic Doing: An Agile Approach to Strategy from Purdue University
L’innovation managériale en pratique from ESSEC Business School
L’excellence opérationnelle en pratique from ESSEC Business School
Designing and Implementing Effective Entrepreneurship Policiesfrom Politecnico di Milano
Человеческий фактор в разработке корпоративных систем from National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
Strategie di produzione e sistemi di logistica from University of Naples Federico II
Financial Regulation in Emerging Markets and the Rise of Fintech Companies from University of Cape Town
Executing Breakthrough Innovations with the Three Box Solutionfrom Dartmouth
Developing Breakthrough Innovations with the Three Box Solutionfrom Dartmouth
Influencer Marketing Strategy from Rutgers University
Supply Chain Analytics Essentials from Rutgers University
Culture of Services: Paradox of Customer Relations from Kyoto University
Finance for Startups from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Advanced Valuation and Strategy – M&A, Private Equity, and Venture Capital from Erasmus University Rotterdam
Organisational design: Know your organisation from Macquarie University
Organisational behaviour: Know your people from Macquarie University
Risk Management of Work Related injuries using RAMP II from KTH Royal Institute of Technology
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5 Myths about Income Inequality Debunked
5 Myths about Income Inequality Debunked
Friday, October 26, 2018
The issue of economic inequality is all the rage these days. It encompasses numerous arguments about a wide range of topics. Let us review and rebut several common ones.
Myth 1: Incomes Have Fallen or Stagnated
At first glance, this claim may seem to be supported by a graph like this one, taken from the Federal Reserve FRED data source.
The peak reached in 1999 wasn’t surpassed until 2016. This would seem to indicate significant stagnation of incomes.
The problem is that this is household data, which doesn’t control for the number of people per household. The scientific method has taught us that we need to hold independent variables constant, if possible, to do more accurate and convincing research. So, instead, we should use per capita data, which means one person and always means one person.
What exactly does the inflation-adjusted per capita data on various measures of standard of living say?
Real gross domestic product per capita, real disposable personal income per capita, real personal consumption expenditures per capita, and real total compensation per hour all point to a drastic and sustained improvement in the standard of living over time in the US, business cycles notwithstanding. This government data provides a strong counter-argument to the idea that the typical person in the US hasn’t gained ground in living standards since the 70s or 80s.
Myth 2: The Rich Are Getting Richer Faster than the Poor
The argument falls apart when you consider two things: income mobility and the fact that all households saw increases over time.
This isn’t so much an outright fallacy as it has to do with incomplete knowledge and misunderstanding of statistics. The argument falls apart when you consider two things: income mobility and the fact that all households saw increases over time.
The data comes from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics at the University of Michigan. This longitudinal study started in 1968 and has been ongoing ever since.
The reason this data is important is that it follows people over time instead of statistical bins. This is maybe, at first, a subtle point, but it is crucial. Many arguments involving inequality follow statistical bins over time instead of people over time who move through the bins. I might not be as concerned about the bin of the bottom 20 percent between 1970 and 2018 if the people who made up the bottom quintile in 1970 have moved into other higher bins by 2018.
Data showing all households gaining. Table 2 page 8
Data showing 84 percent of Americans exceed their parent’s family income Figure 1 page 4
Myth 3: Wages Have Not Tracked Productivity
You may have seen this argument made by the Economic Policy Institute.The first chart (below) shows a disconnect between productivity and pay starting around the year 1973 and continuing into the present day.
There are two basic problems with this chart.
The first problem is that it only considers wages. When all compensation is considered, which includes wages and non-wage benefits like health insurance, maternity leave, and life insurance among others, total compensation more closely tracks productivity.
The second problem is that this chart arguably uses an inappropriate measure of inflation, the CPI, which shows a very small increase in wages. The CPI is a measure of inflation more suited to the consumer market. Labor is a factor of production and, thus, a measure of inflation in the factors market is more appropriate, like the Implicit Price Deflator. Chart 6 (below) gives a comparison of the relevant measures of inflation and taking into account total compensation.
Once you take these factors into account, compensation has tracked the increase in productivity to the tune of 77 percent, a far cry from the 7 percent decline that the CPI shows for only wages.
Myth 4: CEOs Make 300 Times More Than the Average Worker
This is akin to wanting to know about the typical university student but only taking a survey at Harvard, a very non-typical school.
The problem with this line of argumentation is that this data is taken from a non-representative sample of CEOs, usually Fortune 100 companies. This is akin to wanting to know about the typical university student but only taking a survey at Harvard, a very non-typical school. Instead, when we take a truly representative survey of CEOs, we find that they make a median of $183,000 a year, about 4-7 times the typical worker.
Myth 5: Racial and Gender Discrimination Are the Primary Causes of Pay Gaps
Statistical analysis of this subject might, at first glance, lead to exactly the conclusion that discrimination is the primary culprit in income disparities between minorities and gender. There are two problems with this.
First, it relies on faulty statistical interpretation. When scholars do a regression analysis—a statistical method where outputs like income can be predicted by independent variables—there is often a residual disparity leftover. This leftover unexplained disparity is taken as proof of discrimination. In reality, this unexplained disparity is the upper limit of all other unaccounted for variables plus discrimination, if any. To automatically assume the remaining disparity is discrimination is a miscarriage of statistical interpretations of regression analyses.
Second, when we talk about a theory in science, we may have several competing theories trying to explain the same phenomenon. The best theories are often the ones that explain the most-observed phenomenon accurately, that make predictions, and that can be tested and verified repeatedly. The theory discrimination in income disparities suffers from not being able to explain as many observed phenomena. It cannot make accurate predictions, and most importantly, it cannot be measured, tested, and verified. It is thus a theory that needs to be discarded when a superior one exists.
Human capital, according to economists, is the stock of knowledge, habits, and social and personal attributes, including creativity, embodied in the ability to perform labor to produce economic value.
The superior theory is that income is a function of human capital. Human capital, according to economists, is the stock of knowledge, habits, and social and personal attributes, including creativity, embodied in the ability to perform labor to produce economic value. The theory is well established in its framework and has evidence to back it up.
Conclusion
Although we covered only five topics, my purpose was to scratch the surface of inequality arguments and show the common logical breakdowns, fallacies, and statistical misinterpretations that abound in common media about this issue. Inequality arguments suffer from many of the same problems discussed here. My hope is that I have instilled an instinct to have a healthy skeptic’s attitude.
Co-Founders
12 Days of Giving
Tree Fresno Throws Shade. But in a Very Good Way.
gvwire December 16, 2018
What’s better than sitting underneath the shade of a tree on a hot Fresno day?
Not much!
“A life without green space is a life that is not going to be satisfying.” — Lee Ayres, Tree Fresno CEO
Tree Fresno’s mission is planting and maintaining trees in and around the city.
“A life without green space is a life that is not going to be satisfying. It isn’t going to be healthy. We know people do better in open space and under trees,” says Tree Fresno CEO Lee Ayres.
Over 44,000 Trees Planted
The group’s mission is to transform the Central Valley with trees, greenways, and “beautiful landscapes” as Ayres describes.
“We’re losing thousands of trees in our parks and our cities that haven’t been replaced — a lot of it because of the drought; then some of it because we simply didn’t provide the care that they needed,” Ayres says.
By Ayres’ estimation, Tree Fresno has planted more than 44,000 trees in the organization’s 33 years.
Big Goals Still to Come
The Tree Fresno website states that the group wants to “teach the art of living green to every citizen.”
It also has more tangible tasks: Improve the landscapes at Fresno State, develop the Valley Arboretum, build a Veterans’ Grove, and of course, overall tree planting.
Watch the 12 Days of Giving video above by GV Wire’s Jahz Tello to see the contributions Tree Fresno is making to create a healthier community.